Silicon nitride ceramic material

 

The excellent performance of silicon nitride has aroused people's enthusiasm and interest in it. Since 1955, some research institutions and universities in the United Kingdom have taken the lead in the study of silicon nitride as a separate engineering material, in-depth understanding of its structure, properties to explore the method of sintering it, and to open up its application fields. Britain once led the way
Because silicon nitride is a covalent bond compound with low diffusion coefficient, it is difficult to sintering directly by traditional methods. Under normal circumstances, silicon nitride will not melt into a liquid when heated, to 1900℃, it will sublimate and decompose, so it can not be coagulated by melting casting method.

 

Later, people bypassed the barrier of direct sintering of silicon nitride, first pressed the pure silicon powder into a porous billet, and then heated in nitrogen, so that the silicon powder and nitrogen fully react, resulting in the synthesis of silicon nitride, but also formed the sintered body. This is the first solid sintered material that people get composed of a single silicon nitride, called reactive sintered silicon nitride (also known as reactive bonded silicon nitride) ceramics, the outstanding advantage of this material is that the resistance to high temperature wax becomes good, from room temperature to 1420℃, the mechanical strength is not far apart, and it can be made into complex shapes and precise dimensions. However, the porosity of this ceramic body is high (up to about 20%), and the strength index is ringing (the bending strength is generally 160~200MPa).
In 1961, people used the hot pressing method to directly burn the silicon nitride powder into a sintered body close to the theoretical density, called hot pressing silicon nitride ceramics, its strength is 2 to 3 times that of reactive sintering silicon nitride. The appearance of hot-pressed silicon nitride is a breakthrough in the sintering technology of silicon nitride. Since then, silicon nitride ceramics can be prepared by using silicon nitride powder produced by various synthesis methods as raw materials.
In the case of silicon nitride ceramic preparation process becoming more mature, in 1966, reaction sintering silicon nitride began to be incorporated into industrial production, silicon nitride ceramic products entered the commodity market.

 

Silicon nitride main products and applications

♦high-end silicon nitride ceramic bearing ball -- mainly used in high-end equipment, new energy, electric vehicles

♦casting aluminum industry with riser tube, thermal radiation protection tube and other serialized products -- precision casting aluminum industry

♦high thermal conductivity silicon nitride substrate -- high-power IGBT, electric vehicles, high-speed trains, semiconductors

♦Biomedical series of silicon nitride products -- artificial dental implants, vertebrae, etc.

♦High temperature, ablative and wave-permeable materials for aerospace -- High Mach missile radomes, antenna Windows,

♦other structural/functional integration parts

 

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